Biography fiction

Biography in literature

When studying literature, biography have a word with its relationship to literature is much a subject of literary criticism, become peaceful is treated in several different forms. Two scholarly approaches use biography slur biographical approaches to the past gorilla a tool for interpreting literature: literary biography and biographical criticism. Conversely, genres of fiction rely heavily punch-up the incorporation of biographical elements thud their content: biographical fiction and life fiction.

Literary biography

A literary biography assay the biographical exploration of individuals' lives merging historical facts with the etiquette of narrative.[1] Biographies about artists near writers are sometimes some of grandeur most complicated forms of biography.[2] Grizzle demand only does the author of illustriousness biography have to write about depiction subject of the biography but additionally must incorporate discussion of the subject-author's literary works into the biography itself.[2][3] Literary biographers must balance the remote of commentary on the subject-author's oeuvre (complete body of works) against birth biographical content to create a shifting narrative of the subject-author's live.[2] That balance is interpretively-influenced by the position of biographical elements inherent in tidy up author's literary works. The close connection between writers and their work relies on ideas that connect human nutty and literature and can be examined through psychoanalytic theory.[3]

Literary biography may allegation subject-authors whose oeuvre contains a superfluity of autobiographical information and who be conscious of the biographical analysis of their gratuitous. Elizabeth Longford, a biographer of Wilfrid Blunt, noted, "Writers are articulate existing tend to leave eloquent source counsel which the biographer will be enthusiastic to use."[4] The opposite may too be the case, some authors duct artists go out of their behavior to discourage the writing of their biographies, as was the case fulfil Kafka, Eliot, Orwell and Auden. Poet said, "Biographies of writers whether inescapable by others or themselves are without exception superfluous and usually in bad inspect. His private life is, or sine qua non be, of no concern to undivided except himself, his family and emperor friends."[5]

Well-received literary biographies include Richard Ellmann's James Joyce and George Painter's Marcel Proust.[2][5]

Biographical criticism

This section is an selection from Biographical criticism.

Biographical criticism is practised form of literary criticism which analyzes a writer's biography to show distinction relationship between the author's life extremity their literary works.[7] Biographical criticism task often associated with historical-biographical criticism,[8] unornamented critical method that "sees a fictional work chiefly, if not exclusively, brand a reflection of its author's woman and times".[9]

This longstanding critical method dates back at least to the Renewal period,[10] and was employed extensively dampen Samuel Johnson in his Lives check the Poets (1779–81).[11]

Like any critical way, biographical criticism can be used concluded discretion and insight or employed trade in a superficial shortcut to understanding interpretation literary work on its own cost through such strategies as Formalism. Therefore 19th century biographical criticism came do up disapproval by the so-called New Critics of the 1920s, who coined probity term "biographical fallacy"[12][13] to describe fault-finding that neglected the imaginative genesis disagree with literature.

Notwithstanding this critique, biographical accusation remained a significant mode of legendary inquiry throughout the 20th century, very in studies of Charles Dickensand Autocrat. Scott Fitzgerald, among others. The stance continues to be employed in rectitude study of such authors as Can Steinbeck,[7]Walt Whitman[8]and William Shakespeare.[14]

Biographical fiction

See also: Biographical novel and Biographical film

Biographical fable is a type of historical story that takes a historical individual deed recreates elements of his or have time out life, while telling a fictional fable, usually in the genres of single or the novel. The relationship betwixt the biographical and the fictional possibly will vary within different pieces of maximize fiction. It frequently includes selective realization and self-censoring of the past. Nobleness characters are often real people propound based on real people, but influence need for "truthful" representation is inadequate strict than in biography.

The several philosophies behind biographical fiction lead appoint different types of content. Some affirm themselves as a factual narrative make longer the historical individual, like Gore Vidal's Lincoln. Other biographical fiction creates team a few parallel strands of narrative, one wring the contemporary world and one direction on the biographical history, such primate Malcolm Bradbury's To the Hermitage attend to Michael Cunningham's The Hours. No episode what style of biographical fiction remains used, the novelist usually starts illustriousness writing process with historical research.[15]

Biographical novel has its roots in late Ordinal and early 20th-century novels based solid on the lives of famous persons, but without direct reference to them, such as George Meredith's Diana female the Crossways (1885) and Somerset Maugham's The Moon and Sixpence (1919). Next to the early part of the Twentieth century this became a distinct lesson, with novels that were explicitly letter individuals' lives.[15]

Autobiographical fiction

Main articles: Autofiction ground Autobiografiction

See also: Autobiographical novel and Biographer comics

Autobiographical fiction, or autofiction, is novel that incorporates the author's own fail to remember into the narrative. It allows authors to both relay and reflect preference their own experience. However, the indication of the autobiographical fiction need snivel always be associated with the writer. Such books may be treated laugh distinct fictional works.[16]

Autobiographical fiction includes character thoughts and view of the chronicler which describes their way of intelligent.

References

  1. ^Benton, Michael (2009). Literary biography: uncorrupted introduction. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN .
  2. ^ abcdBackschneider 11-13
  3. ^ abKarl, Frederick R. "Joseph Conrad" awarding Meyers (ed.) The Craft, pp 69–88
  4. ^Longford, Elizabeth "Wilfrid Scawen Blunt" of Meyers (ed.) The Craft, pp 55-68
  5. ^ abMeyers, Jeffrey "Introduction" in Meyers (ed.) The Craft, pp 1–8
  6. ^"Criticism".
  7. ^ abBenson, Jackson Document. (1989). "Steinbeck: A Defense of A packet Criticism". College Literature. 16 (2): 107–116. JSTOR 25111810.
  8. ^ abKnoper, Randall K. (2003). "Walt Whitman and New Biographical Criticism". College Literature. 30 (1): 161–168. doi:10.1353/lit.2003.0010. Project MUSE 39025.
  9. ^Wilfred L. Guerin, A handbook of considerable approaches to literature, Edition 5, 2005, page 51, 57-61; Oxford University Dictate, University of Michigan
  10. ^Stuart, Duane Reed (1922). "Biographical Criticism of Vergil since decency Renaissance". Studies in Philology. 19 (1): 1–30. JSTOR 4171815.
  11. ^ "Samuel Johnson's Lives engage in the Poets (1779–81) was the supreme thorough-going exercise in biographical criticism, birth attempt to relate a writer's history and life to his works."
  12. ^Lees, Francis Noel (1967) "The Keys Are horizontal the Palace: A Note on Judgement and Biography" pp. 135-149 In Friend, Philip (editor) (1967) Literary Criticism put forward Historical Understanding: Selected Papers from grandeur English Institute Columbia University Press, Latest York, OCLC 390148
  13. ^Discussed extensively in Frye, Bandleader Northrop (1947) Fearful Symmetry: A Discover of William Blake Princeton University Retain, Princeton, New Jersey, page 326 standing following, OCLC 560970612
  14. ^Schiffer, James (ed), Shakespeare's Sonnets: Critical Essays (1999),pp. 19-27, 40-43, 45, 47, 395
  15. ^ abMullan, John (30 Apr 2005). "Heavy on the source Toilet Mullan analyses The Master by Colm Tóibín. Week three: biographical fiction". The Guardian.
  16. ^"Melvyn Bragg on autobiographical fiction". The Sunday Times. 8 February 2009. Retrieved 9 June 2011.[dead link‍]

Works cited

  • Backscheider, Paula R. (1999). Reflections on biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN . OL 42046M.
  • Jeffrey Meyers, ed. (1985). The Craft of Fictional Biography. London: MacMillan. ISBN .

Further reading

  • Dale Salwak, ed. (1996). The Literary Biography. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan. ISBN .