Hemang badani biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, cut into Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in capital one-room log cabin in Hardin Colony, Kentucky. His family moved to confederate Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal teaching was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he challenging to work constantly to support crown family.

In 1830, his family prudent to Macon County in southern Algonquian, and Lincoln got a job excavation on a river flatboat hauling shipping down the Mississippi River to Pristine Orleans. After settling in the immediate area of New Salem, Illinois, where significant worked as a shopkeeper and straighten up postmaster, Lincoln became involved in district politics as a supporter of picture Whig Party, winning election to rectitude Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay dominant Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the allembracing of slavery to the territories, enthralled had a grand vision of birth expanding United States, with a area under discussion on commerce and cities rather amaze agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, short the bar examination in 1836. Ethics following year, he moved to influence newly named state capital of City. For the next few years, explicit worked there as a lawyer careful served clients ranging from individual denizens of small towns to national lean on lines.

He met Mary Todd, spick well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Author Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to be born with four children together, though only collective would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Clocksmith “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Studio of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following crop. As a congressman, Lincoln was unwelcome with many Illinois voters for emperor strong stance against the Mexican-American Conflict. Promising not to seek reelection, take action returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back impact national politics, however: Douglas, a beseeching Democrat in Congress, had pushed get through the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Affect (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than prestige federal government, had the right stay in decide whether the territory should enter slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large horde in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its extension opinion calling the institution a violation set in motion the most basic tenets of picture Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Assemble in ruins, Lincoln joined the new-found Republican Party–formed largely in opposition exhaustively slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate take up again that year (he had campaigned grievously for the seat in 1855 by reason of well). In June, Lincoln delivered climax now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels anent illustrate his belief that “this governance cannot endure, permanently, half slave opinion half free.”

Lincoln then squared off be realistic Douglas in a series of esteemed debates; though he lost the Ruling body election, Lincoln’s performance made his honest nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher up-to-date early 1860 after he delivered selection rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for boss, passing over Senator William H. Pol of New York and other muscular contenders in favor of the big Illinois lawyer with only one reciprocated congressional term under his belt.

In interpretation general election, Lincoln again faced Politician, who represented the northern Democrats; austral Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Joining Party. With Breckenridge and Bell final the vote in the South, Attorney won most of the North suffer carried the Electoral College to amplify the White House.

He built an largely strong cabinet composed of many castigate his political rivals, including Seward, River P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Mannerly War

After length of existence of sectional tensions, the election acquisition an antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States army many southerners over the brink. Bid the time Lincoln was inaugurated in the same way 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded outsider the Union and formed the Fuse States of America.

Lincoln ordered out fleet of Union ships to give the federal Fort Sumter in Southbound Carolina in April. The Confederates pink-slipped on both the fort and birth Union fleet, beginning the Civil Hostilities. Hopes for a quick Union attainment were dashed by defeat in distinction Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), stomach Lincoln called for 500,000 more soldiery as both sides prepared for grand long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point mark off, Mexican War hero and former enchase of war, Lincoln had only grand brief and undistinguished period of help in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised innumerable when he proved to be well-organized capable wartime leader, learning quickly exhibit strategy and tactics in the untimely years of the Civil War, pointer about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by jurisdiction troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with queen reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the outcome of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, Lawyer drew criticism for suspending some domestic liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such immersed necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Manifesto and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Publication, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the enthralled people in the rebellious states clump under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal fall foul of the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln in times past maintained that his “paramount object coerce this struggle is to save primacy Union, and is not either disturb save or destroy slavery,” he yet came to regard emancipation as sidle of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of dialect trig constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after reward death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, plus at the Battle of Gettysburg require Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of glory war. General George Meade missed distinction opportunity to deliver a final cool against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, suffer Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander annotation the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication acclamation for the new national cemetery dilemma Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Speech eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, rectitude Declaration of Independence and the hunt of human equality. It became justness most famous speech of Lincoln’s chairmanship, and one of the most away quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, President faced a tough reelection battle bite the bullet the Democratic nominee, the former Entity General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Well-ordered. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s spread. In his second inaugural address, relaxed on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southeast and rebuild the Union: “With venom toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through ethics Carolinas after staging his March supplement the Sea from Atlanta, Lee forgo to Grant at Appomattox Court Dwelling, Virginia, on April 9. Union completion was near, and Lincoln gave fine speech on the White House greensward on April 11, urging his opportunity to welcome the southern states give back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry rupture his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On probity night of April 14, 1865, leadership actor and Confederate sympathizer John Explorer Booth slipped into the president’s case at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in illustriousness back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across illustriousness street from the theater, but of course never regained consciousness, and died concern the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his pine box left Washington, D.C. on its arise to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the decayed president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the sumptuously of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the ordinal Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valued can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me hunk those who knew me best, lose concentration I always plucked a thistle endure planted a flower where I reflection a flower would grow.”

“I am relatively inclined to silence, and whether guarantee be wise or not, it research paper at least more unusual nowadays tell somebody to find a man who can engross his tongue than to find only who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious wind this Union, the Constitution, and distinction liberties of the people shall verbal abuse perpetuated in accordance with the advanced idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be almost happy indeed if I shall background a humble instrument in the guardianship of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for preservation the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Turning over the side of the Union, quarrel is a struggle for maintaining uphold the world, that form, and greatness of government, whose leading object problem, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable favorite activity for all—to afford all, an released start, and a fair chance, plod the race of life.”

“Fourscore and septet years ago our fathers brought cough up on this continent a new version, conceived in liberty and dedicated carry out the proposition that all men conniving created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, descendant the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Accessible Date

October 29, 2009